Проанализировано и выделено два основных механизма влияния поля напряжений на диффузию примеси в твердом теле. На основании анализа математической модели процесса сделан вывод о том, что в случае симметричного нанесения покрытия, по сути, работает только один из них. Вывод подтвержден экспериментально на примере системы Ni(Cu). методика и результаты эксперимента изложены в работе наряду с результатами расчета. Описаны некоторые возможные обобщения диффузионной модели для структурно-неоднородной среды.

The paper studies the phase composition, microstructure, and mechanisms of plastic deformation and fracture under impact load in a laminate obtained by pressure welding of VT6 titanium alloy sheets. Under impact loading at 20 and -196°C, the material is delaminated into sheet piles with attendant changes in their fracture rate. At fracture surfaces, the initial crystal structure experiences structural phase decomposition which results in dynamic rotations. In fracture and delamination sublayers, the material is fragmented. The effects are more pronounced at Tdef =-196°C.

The paper presents basic propositions for multiscale description of a deformed solid as a hierarchically organized nonlinear system consisting of a 3D crystal subsystem and a 2D planar subsystem (surface layers and all internal interfaces). The 2D planar subsystem is a source of primary plastic flows which create multiscale effects of lattice curvature in the 3D crystal subsystem. These effects underlie the generation of all types of strain-induced defects in a solid at the interfaces of its 2D and 3D subsystems and the formation of bifiircational interstitial structural states responsible for v ortical plastic distortion, curvature of nonlinear flows of mesoscale structural transformations, and nonlinear fracture as structural phase decomposition in supercritical lattice curvature zones. Basic aspects of the multiscale nonlinear theory are considered.